NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER (NPD)
NPD is a more severe form of narcissism, recognized as a mental health disorder. Because individuals with NPD are generally outgoing and have few social inhibitions, people tend to rate them as friendly and amiable which masks the other harmful sides of this disorder.
UNDERSTANDING NARCISSISM
Narcissism is a personality trait that can range from healthy self-esteem to a problematic disorder. It involves an excessive focus on oneself and a need for admiration. This article will explore what narcissism is, how to recognise it, and its impact on relationships.
TYPES
Grandiose narcissism (overt)
Vulnerable narcissism (covert)
Antagonistic narcissism
Communal narcissism
What is Narcissism?
Narcissism is characterised by a heightened sense of self-importance and a deep need for admiration. While some level of narcissism can be healthy and normal, extreme forms can lead to difficulties in relationships and daily functioning.
NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER (NPD)
NPD is a more severe form of narcissism, recognized as a mental health disorder. People with NPD often display the following traits:
● Grandiosity: An exaggerated sense of self-importance.
● Need for Admiration: Constantly seeking and needing attention, drama, favours, validation and praise.
● Lack of Empathy: Difficulty understanding or caring about others' feelings.
● Entitlement: Expecting special treatment and privileges.
● Manipulative Behaviour: Using others to achieve personal goals by gaslighting and lying.
CAUSES OF NARCISSISM
The causes of narcissism are complex and can include:
● Genetics: Some people may be more prone to narcissistic traits due to their genetic makeup.
● Childhood Experiences: Over-praising or excessive criticism during childhood can contribute to the development of narcissistic traits.
● Cultural Factors: Societal values that emphasise success and individualism can also play a role.
RECOGNIZING NARCISSISM
Common signs of narcissism include:
● Talking excessively about one's own achievements and talents.
● Being highly sensitive to criticism and reacting with anger or disdain.
● Struggling to maintain healthy relationships due to self-centred behaviour.
● Expecting special treatment without reason.
IMPACT ON RELATIONSHIPS
Narcissism can significantly affect personal and professional relationships. Individuals with high levels of narcissism may have difficulty forming genuine connections and may often prioritise their own needs over others', leading to conflicts and misunderstandings.
MANAGING NARCISSISM
Managing narcissism, especially NPD, requires a combination of strategies:
● Educate yourself about NPD so you can detect the signs early.
● Therapy: Professional therapy can help individuals recognise and manage narcissistic behaviours.
● Setting Boundaries: Clearly defining limits can protect against manipulative behaviours when dealing with a narcissist. It is very important to clearly state the consequences of overstepping those set boundaries and to apply sanctions when they are crossed.
● Self-Care: This helps you build better self-esteem and resilience which in turn help you define clear boundaries and speak for yourself – critical when dealing with a narcissist.
● When you are in imminent danger, leave.
● Support Networks: Get more active in your local community, biological or religious family. This will see you spend more time with those you are comfortable and happy to be around and will provide you with much needed guidance and support.
CONCLUSION
Narcissism is a complex personality trait that, in its extreme form, can disrupt lives and relationships. By understanding its characteristics and seeking appropriate help, individuals can learn to manage narcissistic tendencies and foster healthier interactions.
- Cope and Live Mental Health Awareness Foundation Editorial Team